On December 4, 2024, UNESCO inscribed Japan’s “Traditional knowledge and skills of sake-making with koji mold in Japan” into the Intangible Cultural Heritage list.

Japanese alcoholic beverages, including sake(nihonshu) shochu and awamori are made from grains and water that is deeply rooted in Japanese culture. Craftspeople use koji mould to convert the starch in the ingredients into sugar. They oversee the process to make sure the mould grows in optimal conditions, adjusting the temperature and humidity as needed. Their work determines the quality of the sake. Viewed as a sacred gift from deities, sake is indispensable in festivals, weddings, rites of passage and other socio-cultural occasions. Although it is mass-produced today, craftspeople continue to make sake the traditional way.